Category: Hebrews

Spoke In Time Past Part 4

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Hebrews 1:1-2 God, who at sundry times and in divers manners spoke in time past unto the fathers by the prophets, Had in these last days spoken unto us by his Son, whom he had appointed heir of all things, by whom also he made the worlds

‘By’ [Greek: en] IN. There is no definite article here and no pronoun “his”. It simply reads, “in Son,” emphasizing not only His sonship but that He is the only Son in the sense of being begotten (John 1:14, 18; 3:16, 18). Under the Old Testament, there were many parts, ways, and persons used in speaking to men, but in the New Testament, all was done through the Son who fulfilled the law and the prophets and made the new covenant (Matt. 26:28; Acts 1:2).

‘Son’ Eight facts about Christ: Spokesman for God (1:2). Appointed heir of all things. Planner of the worlds (ages). Brightness of God’s glory (1:3). Express (exact) image of God’s Person. Upholder of all creations. Saviour of the world – purged sins. Ascension and exaltation.

‘Appointed’ [Greek: tithemi] appoint (1:2; Matt. 24:51; Luke 12:46; 2Tim. 1:11; 1Pet. 2:8); ordain (John 15:16; 1Tim. 2:7); set forth (John 2:10).

‘Heir of all things’ – Romans 8:17 states that if we are God’s children, then we are His heirs and joint heirs with Christ who is the ‘Heir of all things,’ but only if we are prepared to suffer with and for Him.

‘Worlds’ [Greek: aion] age – a period of time whether long or short. Translated “world” (1:2; Matt. 12:32; 13:39); “age” (Eph. 2:7; Col. 1:26); “course” (Eph. 2:2); and other ways. Here it means Christ was the agent in planning the ages and making God’s plan for man. In this sense He is the everlasting Father (Isa. 9:6). He not only planned the ages but all creations (Col. 1:15-18; John 1:3; Eph. 3:9).

Spoke In Time Past Part 3

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Hebrews 1:1-2 God, who at sundry times and in divers manners spoke in time past unto the fathers by the prophets, Had in these last days spoken unto us by his Son, whom he had appointed heir of all things, by whom also he made the worlds

We see that Christ is better than the prophets from Hebrews 1:1-3, 9 and other Scriptures: Creator of prophets (1:1-3). Lord and Master of prophets (1:1-2; Matt. 22:41-46; 1Pet. 1:10-13). Only-begotten Son of God (1:1-3; John 1:18; 3:16-20). God manifested in the flesh (John 1:14). Sinless (1Pet. 2:21-22). He had greater anointing (John 3:34). He was the fulfilment of their writings (Luke 24:25, 44-45; 1Pet. 1:10-13). He is the heir of all things (1:2). He is the planner of the ages (1:2). He is the brightness of God’s glory (1:3). Express the image of God’s person (1:3; Php. 2:5-11). He is the upholder of all things (1:3). He was God’s perfect sacrifice (1:3, 9; 9:11-28; 10:1-18). He is the Saviour of the prophets (1:3; 7:25; 1Pet. 1:10-13). He was and is exalted higher than prophets (1:3; 1Pet. 3:22).

‘Last days’ – Fourteen end-time expressions: Latter times – last years ending this age before the Millennium (1Tim. 4:1). Latter years – Armageddon and the end of this age (Ezek. 38:8, 16). Latter days – the future tribulation (Num. 24:14; Deut. 4:30; 31:29; Jer. 23:20; 30:24; 48:47; 49:39; Dan. 2:28; 10:14). Latter day – Millennium (Job 19:25). Latter days – Millennium (Hos. 3:5). Last days – end of this age preceding the Millennium (Dan. 8:19; 2Tim. 3:1; Jas. 5:3; 2Pet. 3:3; Jude 1:18). Last day – the rapture, at least seven years before the Millennium and second advent (John 6:39, 40, 44, 54; 11:24). Last days – the tribulation period or the last seven years of this age (Acts 2:16-21). Last days – first coming (Heb. 1:1-2). Last times – first coming (1Pet. 1:20). Last time – apostolic times and the congregational period (1Jn. 2:18). Last time – second coming (1Pet. 1:5). Last days – Millennium (Gen. 49:1; Isa. 2:1; Mic. 4:1). Last day – end of the Millennium (John 12:48; cp. Rev. 20:7-15).

To be continued…

Spoke In Time Past Part 2

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Hebrews 1:1-2 God, who at sundry times and in divers manners spoke in time past unto the fathers by the prophets, Had in these last days spoken unto us by his Son, whom he had appointed heir of all things, by whom also he made the worlds

‘In time past unto the fathers by the prophets.’ Moses was the author of the Law – Genesis to Deuteronomy –  he was also called a prophet for God commanded Him to write these first books (Ex. 3:8,12,17-22; 4:8-9,14-17,21-23; 6:1-8; 7:3-5,9,15-19; 8:2-4,10-11,16,20-23; 9:1-5,8-9,13-19,29; 10:2-6,29; 11:1,4-9; 12:12-13,23-27; 13:5,19; 14:3-4,13-18,26; 15:13-18; 16:4-8,12; 17:6,14-16; 19:5-6,9-13; 22:23-24; 23:20-33; 33:1-3,14; 34:10-11,24; Leviticus 18:24-28; 26:3-45; Numbers 10:9; 11:17-20,23; 14:21-24,28-35; 16:29-30; 17:5; 33:55-56; Deut. 1:35-38; 2:24-25,31; 3:2,21-22,27-28; 4:10,21-22,25-31; 6:10-12; 7:20-24; 8:3,10-20; 9:3-6; 11:13-32; 12:1-32; 15:4-6; 17:14-20; 18:15,18-19; 28:1-68; 29:17-28; 30:1-10,15-20; 31:1-8,16-23,27-29; 32:19-32; 33:6-29; 34:4). He also wrote Psalms 90 and 91.

The “Law and the Prophets” (Matt. 5:17; 11:13; Acts 13:15) is another name for the Old Testament as well as “the Law of Moses, the Prophets, and the Psalms;” (Luke 24:25, 44) “the Law of the Lord;” (Ps. 1:2) “the Book of the Lord;” (Isa. 34:16) “the Scripture;” (Mk. 15:28; Jn. 7:38; 2Tim. 3:16-17) “the Scriptures;” (Luke 24:27, 32; John 5:39; Acts 17:11) “the Holy Scriptures;” (Rom. 1:2; 2Tim. 3:15) “the Promises;” (Rom. 9:4-5; 15:8) “the Oracles of God;” (Rom. 3:2; Heb. 5:12; 1Pet. 4:11) “the Lively (living) Oracles;” (Acts 7:38) “the Word of God;” (Mark 7:13; Rom. 10:17; Heb. 4:12) “the Sword of the Spirit;” (Eph. 6:17) “the Old and New Testament;” (Luke 22:20; 2 Cor. 3:6-15; Heb. 9:15) “the Word of Christ;” (Col. 3:16) “the Word of Life;” (Phil. 2:16) “the Scripture of Truth;” (Dan. 10:21) “the Word of Truth;” (2 Tim. 2:15) and “the Gospel of Christ.” (Rom. 1:16)

‘By’ [Greek: en] IN the prophets. The Holy Spirit indwelt the prophets and spoke through them in the same manner He dwells in men today. It testifies to being in union with, being consecrated to the same end – one in mind, purpose, and life. Men can become one in spirit with God when joined to Him in consecration (1Cor. 6:17).

To be continued…

Spoke In Time Past Part 1

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Hebrews 1:1-2 God, who at sundry times and in divers manners spoke in time past unto the fathers by the prophets, Had in these last days spoken unto us by his Son, whom he had appointed heir of all things, by whom also he made the worlds 

‘God’ – This is God the Father, the head of Christ and the Holy Spirit (1Cor. 8:6; 11:3; Matt. 28:19; 2Cor. 13:14; Eph. 4:4-6; 1Jn. 5:7).

‘Sundry times and in divers manners.’ In many parts in many ways (Isa. 28:10). From all these portions we get a perfect harmony, as in musical sounds made up of different parts. There is only one plan of God for man. All the prophets [Old Testament authors] gave perfect and harmonious testimony that Jesus Christ was the Son of God and Saviour of the world (Acts 10:43).

‘In time past’ [Greek: palai] of old (Matt. 11:21; Luke 10:13; 2Pet. 1:9; Jude 1:4).

‘In time past unto the fathers by the prophets.’ The Old Testament was by God the Father given to man by the prophets and From Hebrews 1:1-2 as well as Matthew 11:13 and Luke 16:16 we see that the Old Testament (Law and Prophets) ended with the last prophet John the Baptist who was a prophet (office bearer) called by God. The New Testament starts with Christ’s crucifixion (1Cor. 11:25; Heb. 9:15-16) and He again called the apostles who wrote the New Testament. God speak to us through His written Word today and no prophets or apostles – except false ones – are called anymore (Matt. 7:15; 24:11, 24; Mark 13:22; 2Cor. 11:13; 2Pet. 2:1; 1Jn. 4:1; Rev. 2:2). Two prophets that will return during the last 3½ of the 7-year tribulation will be Enoch and Elijah will herald Christ’s Second Coming and to prepare the hearts of people to receive the Messiah (Mal. 4:5-6; Rev. 11:3-11; Ezek. 20:35-36).

To be continued…

Introduction to the book Hebrews Part 2

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The arguments for Paul’s authorship are (continues): [7] There is nothing in the epistle contrary to Paul’s authorship, and there is much internal evidence that Paul was the author: (1) Both books argue at length on the abolishment of the old covenant. (2) Both anticipate the visit of the writer (Gal. 4:20; Heb. 13:19). (3) Paul was the only writer of the New Testament who requested prayer for himself (cp. Heb. 13:18 with 2Thess. 3:1). (4) Many exhortations in Hebrews are similar to those of other epistles of Paul (cp. Heb. 12:3 with Gal. 6:9; Heb.12:14 with Rom. 12:18; Heb. 13:1-3 with Eph. 5:2-4; Heb. 13:16 with Php. 4:18; Heb. 5:12 with 1Cor. 3:2; Heb. 8:1 with Eph. 1:20; Heb. 8:6; 9:15; 12:24; Gal. 3:19-20; 1Tim. 2:5; Heb. 10:1 with Col. 2:17; Heb. 10:33 with 1Cor. 4:9; Heb. 13:9 with Eph. 4:14; Heb. 13:10 with 1Cor. 9:13; 10:18; Heb. 13:20-21 with Rom. 15:33; 16:20; 2Cor. 13:11; Php. 4:9; 1Thess. 5:23; Heb. 13:22 with Acts 24:16; etc.). (5) The author of both books wrote from Italy (Heb. 13:24). (6) Paul was the only New Testament writer who wrote from prison and expected release (Heb. 13:19, 23 with Php. 1:7-8, 13, 26; 2:23-24; etc.). (7) No other writer of epistles mentions Timothy. Paul refers to him 20 times in his recognized epistles (cp. Heb. 13:23). When Paul mentions Timothy to others he always calls him brother (2Cor. 1:1; Col. 1:1; 1Thess. 3:2). (8) The conclusion of the epistle is like others of Paul (cp. Heb. 13:18-25 with the end of his other epistles).

The theme of this book is to present Jesus Christ as deity, and as better than all human beings and angels; to prove that Judaism and the law have come to an end; to confirm Jewish Christians in the faith; and to set forth new covenant doctrines for all people.

Statistics: 58th book of the Bible; 13 chapters; 303 verses; 6,913 words; 17 questions; 270 verses of history; 9 verses of fulfilled and 24 verses of unfulfilled prophecy.

Introduction to the book Hebrews Part 1

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The book of Hebrews was written in Rome about 68 A.D., along with Galatians and 2 Timothy. Even though an author is not clearly stated, the arguments for Paul’s authorship are: [1] The thoughts and reasonings are Paul’s. Any difference in style is due to his writing to Jews as a Jew and not to Gentile congregations as in other epistles. Furthermore, the translation of the book into Greek by Luke may account for some change in style. [2] Peter confirms the fact that Paul wrote an epistle to Jews (2Pet. 3:15-16). [3] The book of Hebrews is ascribed to him by over 100 ancient writers in both Greek and Latin, from 70 to 73 A.D. [4] It was received as Paul’s by the council of Laodicea (363 A.D.), and by the council of Carthage (397 A.D.). [5] Paul is named as the author of the Alexandrian manuscripts (500 A.D.). [6] Some Latin churches questioned it only because Paul’s name is not used in the introduction as in all his other epistles, but this was for two reasons: (1) Eusebius, the father of congregational history, explains that Paul wrote the epistle in Hebrew, leaving his name off so that it would be read and received more readily by Jews who hated him and would not want to listen to anything he had to say. Luke translated it into Greek, hence it is similar to Acts in expression. (The Ante-Nicene Fathers, Vol. 2, p. 579). (2) In the oldest manuscripts the epistle follows Galatians with the title “To the Hebrews,” indicating that it was part of the Galatian letter. If this is true, the authorship stated in Galatians 1:1 applies to both books. This would explain why Paul speaks of Galatians as “a large letter” (Heb. 6:11). “The Israel of God” of Galatians 6:16 would be an appropriate introduction to the book of Hebrews.

To be continued…