Hebrews 10:30-33 For we know him that had said, Vengeance belongs unto me, I will recompense, said the Lord. And again, The Lord shall judge his people. It is a fearful thing to fall into the hands of the living God. But call to remembrance the former days, in which, after you were illuminated, you endured a great fight of afflictions; Partly, whilst you were made a gazingstock both by reproaches and afflictions; and partly, whilst you became companions of them that were so used. 

‘Vengeance belongs unto me, I will recompense, said the Lord.’ This is the 22nd Old Testament prophecy in Hebrews (10:30; Deut. 32:35). ‘The Lord shall judge his people.’ This is the 23rd Old Testament prophecy in Hebrews (10:30; Deut. 32:36). Quoted in Romans 12:19 and here. To God belongs vengeance, recompense, and judgment.

‘Living God’ – A God who can punish eternally for insults from His enemies.

‘Former days’ – Remembrance of former days: They were illuminated (10:32). They endured persecutions (10:32; Acts 8:1; 9:1; 12:1). They became a gazingstock (10:33). The Greek word theatrizo means to be exhibited in theatres (1Cor. 4:9). They became companions of other suffering Christians (10:33). They had compassion on Paul (10:34). The Greek word sumpatheo is translated “touched with feeling” in Hebrews 4:15. They took joyfully the spoiling of goods for the gospel’s sake (10:34). They knew their reward (10:34).

‘Afflictions’ [Greek: pathema] Translated as “suffering” (Rom. 8:18; 2Cor. 1:5-7; Php. 3:10; Col. 1:24; Heb. 2:9-10; 1Pet. 1:11; 4:13; 5:1); “affliction” (2Tim. 3:11; Heb. 10:32; 1Pet. 5:9); “affections” (Gal. 5:24); and “motions” (Rom. 7:5).